Tuesday 22 November 2011

Diabetes Research Centres in Chennai


Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Five Race and Ethnic Populations

Diabetes, a leading cause of nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and coronary and peripheral vascular disease, is the third most prevalent severe chronic disease of childhood in the U.S. People with diabetes diagnosed before the age of 20 years have a life expectancy that is 15–27 years shorter than people without diabetes , although prospective data show improvements in mortality for those diagnosed in more recent years.Until only a decade ago, diabetes diagnosed in children and adolescents was almost entirely considered to be type 1 diabetes, most often due to the autoimmune destruction of the β-cells of the pancreas leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin.


Diabetes in children and adolescents is now viewed as a complex disorder with heterogeneity in its pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and clinical outcome. The occurrence of what appears clinically to be type 2 diabetes in youth, particularly overweight minority youth, has been documented in several studies. 


The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Diabetes Translation, with support from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, began in 2000 with an overarching objective to describe childhood diabetes as it occurs among the five major race and ethnic groups in the U.S. These groups include non-Hispanic white, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, African American, and American Indian. Key aims of the study with a focus on race and ethnicity are the following:
  • To estimate the prevalence and incidence of physician-diagnosed diabetes in youth aged <20 years by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and diabetes type; and
  • To characterize key risk factors for diabetes complications, according to race

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes occur in each of the five major race/ethnic groups under surveillance  In this Diabetes Care supplement, we provide a set of five articles, each devoted to one of the five race/ethnic groups. These articles were designed to provide a comprehensive picture of the face of diabetes in the race/ethnic group of interest and to highlight important aspects of the epidemiologic, biochemical, quality-of-care, social, and behavioral aspects of diabetes in these youth.


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Hospital for Diabetes Care,Diabetes Research Centre

Diabetic Clinic in India
Nutrition and Dietetics (4.66%) as India's share in these areas is inadequate. Changes in life-style including appropriate nutritional practices and exercise are critical in the management as engaging in moderate exercise, avoid excessive weight gain, eating whole grain carbohydrates and vegetable oils could eliminate over 80 per cent of type-2 diabetes. This is especially ironical for a poor country like India where childhood and adult obesity stare at us alongside poverty and malnutrition.


Diabetologists and Researchers
Broad subject categorization of the type of highly cited papers in India showed that four were from the clinical sciences area followed by three epidemiological studies and three in basic diabetes science area. Interestingly, all but one of the highly cited papers from the world appear to be from the clinical research area, many of them reporting data from large clinical trials.


Types of Diabetes
Sixty percent to 70 percent of people with diabetes have mild to severe diabetes-related nerve damage, which often includes deceased sensation or pain in the feet, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data the release. Severe nerve damage can lead to foot ulcers and lower limb amputation.

Diabetes is a disease in which your blood glucose, or sugar, levels are too high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone that helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. With Type 1 diabetes, your body does not make insulin. With Type 2 diabetes, the more common type, your body does not make or use insulin well. Without enough insulin, the glucose stays in your blood.
Over time, having too much glucose in your blood can cause serious problems. It can damage your eyes, kidneys, and nerves. Diabetes can also cause heart disease, stroke and even the need to remove a limb. Pregnant women can also get diabetes, called gestational diabetes.


Symptoms of Type 2 diabetes may include fatigue, thirst, weight loss, blurred vision and frequent urination. Some people have no symptoms. A blood test can show if you have diabetes. Exercise, weight control and sticking to your meal plan can help control your diabetes. You should also monitor your glucose level and take medicine if prescribed.

For more information visit us at,
http://www.mvdiabetes.com